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A tragic hero is a central character whose choices or weaknesses lead to their downfall. They initially possess some admirable or valiant quality, such as bravery, compassion, or decency. But, their bad judgement or moral failings, however momentary, result in a failure that has disastrous consequences. The flaw might be a decision or mistake the character makes or a limitation they possess.
For instance, the title character in Macbeth has the tragic flaw of unbridled ambition, which drives him to join forces with his power-hungry wife and try to murder the king. It shatters under the bullying of her brother-in-law, bringing about her undoing and her ultimate commitment to a mental institution. Catharsis is a purging or purification of emotions. Suffering is one of the few universal human experiences we all share, and understanding it helps us better understand one another.
This naturally leads to empathy, and it can also comfort an audience and make them feel less alone. Novels , short stories, and nonfiction works like memoirs and biographies can also have tragic elements similar to those found in the genre of plays. The novel The Fault in Our Stars is a romantic tragedy about two terminally ill teenagers who fall in love.
A Little Life by Hanya Yanagihara has been called an epic modern tragedy, chronicling the lives of four friends from college to middle age.
For instance, in The Year of Magical Thinking , Joan Didion delves into her grief surrounding the sudden death of her husband and its devastating impact on her life. Also a type of stage production, operas are known for their tragic plots. Tragedies are a common plot feature of many works outside of literature as well. Some tragedies, in fact, are almost operatic in scope, such as the television show Breaking Bad , which follows chemistry teacher turned meth kingpin Walter White from the heights of power to his ultimate destruction due to his own hubris.
Soap operas, of course, have a long tradition of featuring tragic plots and characters. On the big screen, you can find many examples of tragedies.
In the classic Citizen Kane , ambitious newspaperman Charles Foster Kane goes from a determined youth to a ruthless tycoon and, finally, to an embittered old man who has alienated everyone in his life.
Requiem for a Dream is about the disastrous effects that drug use has on a group of four interconnected people in New York City. The postmodern musical Dancer in the Dark has a tragic heroine, Selma, who works to save money so her son can have a surgery that will prevent him from losing his sight, all while she herself is going blind. The real-life Collins fought for independence from Britain, and then went to London to negotiate a peace treaty that split the island in two, with only the southern part gaining independence.
In the ensuing conflict over the treaty, Collins was killed by men who had once fought beside him. The film takes a pro-treaty stance, and so Collins is portrayed as a tragic hero with his death serving as the sad ending, and idealism as his tragic flaw. American History X , starring Edward Norton, is a particularly tragic story because the tragic hero actually fixes his flaw before being killed.
Over the course of the film, Danny and his brother significantly grow up and abandon their hatefulness. In Greek drama, tragedy and comedy were the two opposed genres. Nearly every Greek play fell into one or the other of these categories, and the rules separating them were pretty clear.
Whereas tragedies made people feel sad and let people release their negative emotions, comedies made people laugh so that they forgot their emotions at least for a little while. Today, comedy has clearly won the popularity contest — Hollywood gives us dozens of comedies each year, but very rarely comes out with a genuine tragedy. A tragic hero can have all kinds of flaws. But the most common is hubris , a Greek term meaning an excess of confidence, ambition, or defiance toward the gods.
For example, Hitler is often depicted as being guilty of hubris among other flaws, of course. The thing that brought him down in the end was that he thought he was indestructible — he thought he could fight a war against the Allies and then, right in the middle of it, turn around and pull a surprise attack on the Soviets. This turned out to be a fatal mistake, and Hitler lost the war because of it.
Note: because of his many other nasty attributes, Hitler does not make a good tragic hero! He is, however, a good example of hubris. List of Terms Action.
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