New Hampshire became known as the "Upper Province" of Massachusetts. It remained the Upper Province until when it became a "Royal Province". Once again, it was reunited with Massachusetts in Finally, in , New Hampshire gained its independence and elected its own governor - Benning Wentworth, who governed the colony until This activity can be copied directly into your Google Classroom, where you can use it for practice, as an assessment, or, to collect data.
Upgrade to MrN to access our entire library of incredible educational resources and teacher tools in an ad-free environment. New Hampshire, one of the original 13 colonies, was the first state to have its own state constitution. Constitution—the final state needed to put the document into effect. But if you see something that doesn't look right, click here to contact us! Subscribe for fascinating stories connecting the past to the present. One of the original 13 colonies, New Jersey was an important battleground during the American Revolution.
Located in the heart of the bustling Atlantic corridor and nestled between New York and Pennsylvania, New Jersey has the highest population density of any U. Founded by the French, ruled for 40 years by the Spanish and bought by the United States The Dutch first settled along the Hudson River in ; two years later they established the colony of New Amsterdam on Manhattan Island.
In , the English took control of the area and renamed it New York. Having no written language, these early inhabitants are known today primarily through archaeological investigations. European interest in New Hampshire dates from the s, when French and English ships explored the coast of North America. By approximately , Englishmen were fishing off the New England coast seasonally, using the Isles of Shoals for temporary shelter and to dry their catch.
New Hampshire's first permanent European settlement began in In the wake of native populations, largely decimated by European diseases, English traders and fishermen settled at Odiorne Point in present-day Rye, and on Dover Point. Inhabitants of these towns, along with settlers in southern Maine, chose to be part of Massachusetts for much of the s, but in , New Hampshire became a separate province. Throughout the s, people in New Hampshire made their living through a combination of fishing, farming, cutting and sawing timber, shipbuilding, and coastal trade.
By the first quarter of the s, the provincial capital of Portsmouth had become a thriving commercial port, exporting timber products and importing everything from food to European finery. As the population grew, the original four towns subdivided into towns of smaller area.
The growing English presence in North America, compounded by the long-standing animosity between England and France, led to a series of wars along the American frontier throughout the late s and the s. Native American Indian tribes living in the Merrimack Valley tried at first to remain neutral, but by the s, most had sided with the French. Beginning in , New Hampshire's English settlements were periodically attacked.
The situation worsened in the s, when English settlers pushed out from the seacoast area and started the "second tier" towns of Rochester, Nottingham, Barrington, and Chester. In addition, Scotch-Irish farmers from Northern Ireland began the prosperous settlement of Londonderry in , and in doing so, joined with farmers from Massachusetts in settling the Merrimack Valley and beyond.
By the s, if not somewhat earlier, New Hampshire's Indian population had been forced out of the province entirely. By the time of the American Revolution, New Hampshire was a divided province. The economic and social life of the Seacoast revolved around sawmills, shipyards, merchant's warehouses, and established village and town centers.
Wealthy merchants built substantial homes, furnished them with the finest luxuries, and invested their capital in trade and land speculation. At the other end of the social scale, there developed a permanent class of day laborers, mariners, indentured servants, and even slaves.
In the central and western parts of the province, however, the inhabitants were farmers. Many, if not most, had come from Massachusetts, Connecticut, and Northern Ireland, and their ties to Portsmouth were weak. They spread themselves over the countryside, clearing small lots and building simple one- and two-story farmhouses. Their towns were punctuated with a few sawmills and gristmills, a number of taverns, a meetinghouse, and perhaps a store or public school.
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