Native American Indians and Inuit chewed gum from spruce trees, a custom adopted by the Europeans who settled in New England. The U. In the case of chewing gum, sugar is defined as monosaccharides e.
This is because these polyols are non-cariogenic sweeteners, meaning that they provide a sweet taste but are not a suitable substrate for bacteria in the mouth to use as an energy source. Although there is some evidence that regular chewing of sugar-free gum may reduce caries risk, 4 this is when it is in addition to, rather than a substitute for a regular oral hygiene routine consisting of twice daily brushing with a fluoride toothpaste and daily cleaning between teeth.
Sucrose, a disaccharide, is commonly used in sugar-containing chewing gum. Sucrose and other fermentable carbohydrates can be metabolized by oral bacteria. These bacteria particularly S.
As defined in the Code of Federal Regulations In place of sugar, high-intensity sweeteners such as acesulfame-K, aspartame, neotame, saccharin, sucralose or stevia are used to sweeten gum.
Chewing sugarless gum after a meal can increase salivary flow by stimulating both mechanical and taste receptors in the mouth. The average unstimulated salivary flow rate for healthy people is 0. Over time, these acids can damage tooth enamel, potentially resulting in decay.
There are several mechanisms by which stimulated saliva flow may protect against dental caries. Increased saliva flow carries with it calcium and phosphate which can contribute to remineralization of tooth enamel; the presence of fluoride in the saliva can serve to replace enamel components magnesium and carbonate with the stronger, more caries-resistant fluorapatite crystals.
A systematic review and meta-analysis by Nasseripour et al. This association between cariogenesis and S. Functional chewing gum is the term given to chewing gum said to have function instead of or in addition to that of traditional chewing gum. Although using chewing gum may have appeal as a means of drug delivery, factors such as dosing and local effects of active ingredients on the oral cavity may be of concern. Department of Health and Human Services. A number of systematic reviews published in the last 5 years have indicated that chewing gum may positively affect postoperative ileus following various types of surgical interventions e.
Research studies have utilized chewing gums with layers of color as a tool to evaluate chewing function in adults 24 as well as the elderly. Oral mucositis is characterized by ulcerative and erosive lesions seen to occur in the oral mucosa after radiotherapy to treat head and neck cancer or high-dose chemotherapy used in the treatment of a variety of cancer.
The systematic review used to inform the update to the American Society of Clinical Oncology ASCO clinical practice guidelines for the management of oral mucositis and xerostomia 26 resulted in the inclusion of a new suggestion clarifying that chewing gum is not effective for prevention of oral mucositis in pediatric cancer patients who receive chemotherapy. In the update to the ASCO clinical practice guideline addressing xerostomia induced by nonsurgical cancer therapies, a cited systematic review included both sugar-free lozenges or chewing gum among the recommended interventions to help with xerostomia experienced after cancer treatment by chemotherapy or radiotherapy.
Look for the ADA Seal—your assurance that the product has been objectively evaluated for safety and efficacy by an independent body of scientific experts, the ADA Council on Scientific Affairs. A company earns the ADA Seal by demonstrating that its sugar-free chewing gum product meets the requirements for safety and efficacy. Studies must also show that the gum is safe to oral tissues.
To date, the only chewing gums with the ADA Seal are sugarless. They are sweetened by non-cavity-causing sweeteners such as aspartame, sorbitol, xylitol, or mannitol. Chewing sugarless gum has been shown to increase the flow of saliva, thereby reducing plaque acid, strengthening the teeth and reducing tooth decay.
Content is neither intended to nor does it establish a standard of care or the official policy or position of the ADA; and is not a substitute for professional judgment, advice, diagnosis, or treatment.
ADA is not responsible for information on external websites linked to this website. In addition to contributing to the development of TMD, chronic gum chewing can tighten facial muscles, leading to long lasting headaches. In fact, a recent study concluded that gum chewing was linked to chronic migraines in young children and teens. So, what do you do?
Other ways to relieve pain include taking anti-inflammatory medications, applying a warm compress to the area in pain, and switching to a diet of softer foods. If pain persists, contact your dentist immediately. If you are experiencing jaw pain that may be caused by TMD, see your dentist.
All content of this newsletter is intended for general information purposes only and is not intended or implied to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis or treatment.
Jennifer Temple, compared this phenomenon to brushing one's teeth before eating a piece of fruit. However, she agreed that chewing gum each morning can shave down on a person's caloric intake. This is especially true when it comes to sugar-free gum. Overall, Temple said, "I would say avoid mint gum just before meal times, because we found it encourages lower consumption of fruits and vegetables.
There's a myth that's been floating around for years: Don't swallow chewing gum because it will stay in your stomach for seven years.
Fortunately, this is false and is one of the many lies every parent tells their kids. Still, it's not great for your stomach if you chew gum every day and always swallow it. Though swallowed gum will exit a person's stomach in only a day or two, there are still parts of its makeup that are never able to be digested, such as the synthetic portion that makes up this sweet, sticky substance.
And, sorry to burst your bubble, but creating a habit of swallowing a lot of gum in a short amount of time could potentially create digestion problems. According to Ohio State University , as the swallowed gum builds up in the gut, it can potentially build up so much that it creates a large mass.
This can become trapped in various digestive valves and can obstruct a person's intestines. Though it's a rare occurrence, it could potentially happen, and it is considered a medical emergency because that gum has got to come out. Chewing on a piece of gum has been shown to help increase levels of energy and alertness throughout the day.
One study showed that people who chewed gum throughout the night to stay awake reported feeling less tired than those who did not chew gum. Another study found that those who chewed gum throughout the day felt less tired as well. Though researchers aren't exactly sure why, they believe it may have to do with the fact that chewing gum keeps your brain busy.
Chewing gum also keeps the brain more focused. A study done at Cardiff University found that people who chewed gum had overall quicker reaction times than those who didn't before performing a task, as reported by Science Daily. So, if you find yourself frequently fighting a mid-day slump each afternoon, consider making the decision to chew gum every day.
Chewing gum has been recommended by flight attendants to help make a person's ears more comfortable while flying, but gum also reduces the amount of nasty ear infections that are, unfortunately, so common for kids. By the time many reach their fifth birthday, they've dealt with at least one. About 16 million kids in the U. Who knew the solution was gum? Ear infections manifest when bacteria collects in the tubes that connect the nose and ears, and gum containing the natural sweetener xylitol works by preventing bacteria from backing up there.
Research has shown that regular gum chewing reduces a child's risk of developing a middle ear infection by 25 percent. Gum containing xylitol was shown to work even better than doctor-prescribed syrups with the same stuff. Luckily, the decision to chew gum every day is cheaper too!
Whether it be a side effect of a necessary medication or just an unfortunate body betrayal, dry mouth is no fun. It can make it difficult and downright uncomfortable to do simple daily tasks like speaking or eating.
Luckily, chewing gum each day is an easy solution for this common problem. The muscles in a person's mouth that are at work during each chew compress salivary glands that help to release extra saliva. Chewing this sweet stuff can increase the amount of saliva flowing in the mouth by 10 to 12 times, so doctors agree that prescribing sugar-free gum is an easy solution to curb the issue of dry mouth, according to the American Dental Association.
Unfortunately, though the American Dental Association says that chewing gum has no long-term effects on altering dry mouth, making the decision to chew gum every day when needed before giving a presentation or enjoying a delicious meal will help a dry mouth feel much, much better in the moment. It may seem counterintuitive to think that chewing on something found in the candy aisle could do a person's teeth any good.
However, because chewing gum helps increase saliva, if a person goes for sugar-free gum after each meal, the saliva it creates can help to wash away acids found in food that can break down tooth enamel and cause cavities, according to the American Dental Association.
One study found that chewing gum containing xylitol, in particular, helps prevent bacteria from growing in the mouth. A later study discovered that chewing gum with xylitol after a meal reduced bacteria by up to 75 percent.
Some gum brands have even started to add an ingredient that claims to harden tooth enamel, adding further protection against tooth decay via Colgate. However amazing this sounds, the American Dental Association says that, although chewing gum is a great way to curb cavities, it shouldn't be in replacement of daily toothbrushing.
So don't think you can throw out your toothbrush if you chew gum every day. And, in case you were wondering, this is what really happens when you don't brush your teeth.
Although the American Dental Association advocates for chewing gum after a meal in order to protect teeth, it recommends that people always avoid picking up a pack that contains sugar. This is because sugar actually increases the amount of bad bacteria in the mouth that eats away at tooth enamel instead of fighting against it, according to Healthline.
0コメント